Proteins

The most abundant molecules in the cells. Most genetic information are expressed by proteins.

• Enzymes: catalysts that speed the rate of chemical reactions.
• Hormones: chemical messengers secreted by endocrine gland.
• Antibody: globular protein made by the body made in response to the presence of a foreign or harmful molecule called antigen.

• Nucleic Acid: complex polymeric molecules that store and transfer information within cells.

Two types:

RNA: plays a vital role in the process of protein manufacture

DNA: the genetic material determining the proteins to be manufactured

• Nucleotides: fundamental monomers that make up nucleic acid

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CARBOHYDRATES

Substances containing carbon, hydrogen and oxygen, especially the sugar and starches found in food. It is the main source of energy because it burns fast.

• Monossacharides: are most basic units of biologically important carbohydrates.
• Dissacharides: it is the carbohydrates formed when two monossacharide undergo a condensation reaction.
• Polyssacharides: polymeric carbohydrates structure, formed by requestly many units.

• Aldose: is a monossacharide containing one aldehyde group per molecule.
• Ketose: is a monossacharide containg one ketone group per molecule.

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The Human Body

The body can assume many different position, and to standardize the study of anatomy, scientist often reference the anatomical position. The body can be divided by the use of the planes into different sections. Directional terms, such as internal and external and other terms can help us to navigate the body. The body has several cavities that house anatomical structure. The body has many specific regions. The directional terms, anatomical landmarks, body regions, and body cavities are all important to know.

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